Flying drones over commercial and residential areas in Ohio, especially at night, requires adherence to both federal and state regulations to ensure safety and privacy.
Federal Regulations
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governs drone operations nationwide under Part 107 of the Federal Aviation Regulations. As of recent updates, certified remote pilots operating under Part 107 may fly at night without a waiver, provided they meet specific requirements:
- Anti-Collision Lighting: Drones must be equipped with anti-collision lights visible for at least three statute miles.
- Night Operation Training: Pilots are required to complete updated training that includes night operation topics.
These measures are designed to enhance visibility and reduce risks associated with nighttime drone operations.
Ohio State Regulations
In addition to federal rules, Ohio has enacted state-specific laws concerning drone usage:
- House Bill 77 (2024): This law prohibits operating a drone in a careless or reckless manner that endangers people or property. It also restricts drone operations that disrupt law enforcement or emergency services and bans using drones to photograph or record critical facilities with malicious intent. Violations can result in fines up to $500 and/or imprisonment for up to six months.
Local Ordinances
Various municipalities in Ohio have implemented their own drone regulations:
- City of Celina (2015): Bans drones over city-owned property, including parks.
- Cincinnati Parks (2017): Prohibits drones in parks without written permission from the park board.
- Cleveland Metro Parks (2021): Restricts drone operations unless within designated areas and with proper registration.
It’s essential to consult local laws before flying, as regulations can vary between jurisdictions.
Privacy Considerations
While flying over private property isn’t explicitly prohibited, it’s advisable to obtain the property owner’s permission to avoid potential claims of harassment or invasion of privacy. Respecting individuals’ privacy rights is crucial, especially when operating in residential areas.
Best Practices for Nighttime Operations
- Pre-Flight Planning: Familiarize yourself with the area, identify potential hazards, and ensure compliance with all applicable regulations.
- Maintain Visual Line of Sight: Even at night, always keep your drone within your visual line of sight.
- Community Awareness: Inform local residents or authorities of your planned operations to prevent misunderstandings or concerns.
By adhering to these guidelines and staying informed about both federal and Ohio-specific regulations, drone pilots can safely and legally conduct nighttime flights over commercial and residential areas.
